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Data-Driven Scientific Hypothesis Generation in Clinical Research: The Roles of Human and AI

Hypothesis generation is an early and critical step in any hypothesis-driven clinical research project. However, the process of hypothesis generation is less understood. In this talk, Dr. Jing will briefly introduce the VIADS (a Visual Interactive Analytic tool for filtering and summarizing large health Data Sets coded with hierarchical terminologies) project and its results* in the last decade. The focus will be on a study that recruited clinical researchers who used (or did not use) VIADS for data-driven hypothesis generation in the clinical research context. The talk will summarize the experiments and principal findings and share the lessons learned. The role of humans and/or AI in the process and challenges in measuring the processes and results will also be discussed. * Selected publications— PMID: 39819516, 40768504, 40417518, 39211055, 37011112, 38384898, 35736798, 30764811, 24727931, 22195119 Presenter
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Graph-based Prediction of Spatio-Temporal Vaccine Hesitancy from Insurance Claims Data

The VaxHesSTL framework combines Graph and Recurrent Neural Networks to predict vaccine hesitancy at the ZIP code level by capturing both spatial relationships and historical trends, outperforming existing models when trained on a six-year, five-million-person insurance claims dataset from Virginia. To address the high cost of such data, the research also explores an active learning approach to optimize which ZIP codes are selected for training.
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Empowering Patients for Better Health

Explore an AI-driven framework that improves EHR note comprehension and promotes patient empowerment through enhanced health literacy, medical jargon translation, and support for positive behavioral change.