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The introduction by the Health Care Financing Administration, in 1993, of separate conversion factors for "medical" and "surgical" services to be used in calculating Medicare charges would ordinarily necessitate the use of year-specific software source code. By designing the system to utilize macro-substitution of the year in the names of Current Procedural Terminology for Physicians Code databases, database fields, and system variables, it is possible to calculate Medicare charges without [...]

Develop a knowledge-based representation for a controlled terminology of clinical information to facilitate creation, maintenance, and use of the terminology.

To develop optimal MEDLINE search strategies for retrieving sound clinical studies of the etiology, prognosis, diagnosis, prevention, or treatment of disorders in adult general medicine.

To measure the attitudes of physicians and nurses who use the Health Evaluation through Logical Processing (HELP) clinical information system.

The bibliographic database MEDLINE, produced by the National Library of Medicine (NLM), is a computerized index to the world's biomedical literature. The database can be searched back to 1966 and contains 6.8 million records. The various means of access are divided, for the purposes of this article, into three categories: logging onto a remote host computer by telephone and modem or by the Internet; subscribing to part or all of [...]