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Real-world evidence (RWE) increasingly informs clinical decisions, yet manual adjustment for confounding limits scalability. Data-adaptive (DA) algorithms for high-dimensional proxy adjustment show promise but have not been systematically compared to investigator-specified (IS) approaches across diverse treatment scenarios. We evaluated whether DA strategies perform comparably to manually curated IS models using claims-based emulations of 15 randomized trials from the RCT-DUPLICATE initiative.

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is common among intensive care unit (ICU) patients. Effective management of AF in this setting remains a subject of debate, with current guidelines often derived from outpatient studies. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of different AF management strategies-both, rhythm, rate, or no control-in reducing mortality in ICU patients using a deep learning-based causal inference model.

We propose Heterogeneity-aware Collaborative One-shot Lossless Algorithm for Generalized Linear Model (COLA-GLM-H), a novel one-shot lossless distributed algorithm that enables the integration of heterogeneous multi-institutional data while relying solely on instituion-level summary information rather than patient-level data.

Estimating readmission risk for intensive care unit (ICU) patients is critical for clinicians to optimize resource allocation and prevent premature discharges. Machine learning models currently applied to this task either lack interpretability or cannot identify patient subgroups with distinctive readmission risks and characteristics. We addressed this gap by introducing a cutting-edge rule-based model, namely truly unordered rule sets (TURS), to reveal heterogeneous readmission risks and subgroup-level patient characteristics.

The National Cancer Institute (NCI), part of the National Institutes of Health (NIH) supports efforts to address critical challenges in advancing cancer research. As part of this effort, NCI sponsored the development of a privacy-preserving record linkage (PPRL) software that transforms identifying patient information into multiple tokens through a set of cryptographically secure keyed hash functions. This project aims to evaluate the PPRL software in the perspective of re-identification risks [...]

Large language models' (LLMs') performance in high-stakes, compliance-driven settings such as drafting clinical research documents remains underexplored. This study aims to build a benchmark and an evaluation framework for assessing LLMs' compliance and factuality in generating informed consent forms (ICFs) from clinical trial protocols.

Ensuring data quality and maintaining remote accessibility remain key challenges in clinical trials conducted in low-resource settings. Although several software platforms and digital tools attempt to address these challenges, no single, comprehensive solution adequately meets the complex demands of decentralized and intermittently connected trial environments. Consequently, context-specific tools must be developed and adapted to ensure reliable performance under such constraints.

The current study examined the relationship between nursing informatics competency (NIC) and perceived clinical decision-making (CDM) skills among nurses in Saudi Arabia.

The amount of time ambulatory physicians spend in an electronic health record (EHR) outside scheduled hours has grown in recent years and been linked to burnout. Measures provided by EHR vendors can help health systems track EHR use outside scheduled hours, but different measures track different periods of EHR use and none currently tracks all EHR use outside patient scheduled hours. How much vendor-derived measures differ from one another or [...]

Acute care providers lack an easy way to assess their prescribing practices and track future-related care for their patients. Thus, we conducted design evaluations and subject matter expert (SME) design sessions in a user-centered design (UCD) approach to develop an audit and feedback tool that provides individualized, scalable prescribing feedback to clinical providers about their antibiotic and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) prescriptions in unplanned care settings (e.g., emergency department and [...]