Search AMIA.org

Clinical registries advance healthcare by tracking patient outcomes and intervention safety. Manually extracting information from clinical text for registries is labor- and resource-intensive and often inaccurate. Therefore, this systematic review aims to evaluate the use and effectiveness of natural language processing (NLP) methods in extracting information from clinical text for populating clinical registries.

To explore the relationship between ambulatory physician electronic health record (EHR) use characteristics and proxies for physician efficiency.

To assess the interpretability and acceptance of Shapley values for making artificial intelligence/machine learning (AI/ML) tools more transparent, interpretable, and useful to clinicians.

Traditional clinical trial enrollment relies on manual screening and coordinator-led recruitment, creating scalability barriers in high-volume perioperative environments. This study evaluated whether a fully automated, electronic health record (EHR)-integrated clinical decision support (CDS) system could identify eligible patients and engage clinicians in real time without manual screening or dedicated research staff.

To develop and validate an agent-based Large Language Model (LLM) system for extracting structured data from breast cancer synoptic pathology reports and assess the performance gap between synthetic and real-world validation.

This study evaluates the usefulness of explicit syntactic knowledge, integrated via a neural mechanism, in improving the accuracy of named entity recognition in the domain of biomedical text processing.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1093/jamiaopen/ooaf134.].

Electronic health record (EHR) phenotyping often relies on noisy proxy labels, which undermine the reliability of downstream risk prediction. Active learning can reduce annotation costs, but typical heuristics do not directly optimize downstream prediction. Our goal was to develop a framework that directly uses downstream prediction performance as feedback to guide phenotype correction and sample selection under constrained labeling budgets.

Medical coding structures health-care data for research, quality monitoring, and policy. This study assesses the potential of large language models (LLMs) to assign International Classification of Primary Care, 2nd edition (ICPC-2) codes using the output of a domain-specific search engine.

Identifying patients at high risk for atrial fibrillation (AF) after cryptogenic stroke remains a challenge, particularly in settings with limited access to long-term cardiac monitoring. The AFibrisk platform, a free digital decision-support tool, integrates 19 validated AF prediction scores to support post-stroke triage. We aimed to assess the concordance of AFibrisk-supported classification decisions with expert electrophysiologist consensus and compare performance across evaluator groups with different levels of clinical experience.